Dual flame oil burner and control system therefor



March 30, 1943. B, Ec 2,315,412

DUAL FLAME OIL BURNER AND CONTROL SYSTEM THEREFOR Filed April 17; 1942 a1 gum-u) NP 7 50/ g, 26 Ell 35 /39 Patented Mar. 30, 1943 DUAL FLAME OILBURNER AND CONTROL SYSTEM THEREFOR Bennie L. Galumheck, New York, N. Y.

Application April 17, 1942, Serial No. 439,442 4 Claims. (01. 158-76)This invention relates to oil burner installations and has particularreference to devices used for the heating of homes and other buildings.

One object of the invention is to provide a device of the characterdescribed having improved control means for the air supplied to an oilburner which is capable of discharging one or more streams of fuel oilfor constant heating requirements and also to meet peak load conditions.

Another object of the invention is to provide such an oil burnerinstallation wherein improved means afford a simplified and accuratesetting to suit buildings having difierent heating characteristics whichare to be met under the constant andpeak load conditions referred to.

Another object of the invention is to furnish an oil burner of theatomizing type having a plurality of oil nozzles at the burner orifice,the nozzles and the orifice being so coordinated in a fixed manner as toafford a proper distribution of air fiow regardless of whether oil isbeing fired at one or both of the orifices with consequen change in thevolume of air supplied.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe specification proceeds. With the aforesaid objects in view, theinvention consists in the novel combinations and arrangements of partshereinafter described in their preferred embodiments, pointed out in thesubjoined claims, and illustrated in the annexed drawing, wherein likeparts are designated by the same reference characters throughout theseveral views.

Figure l is a view in side elevation with parts removed and in sectionshowing an installation embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a similar plan view thereof, but also schematically showingcertain other of the automatic control features.

The advantages of the invention as here outlined are best realized whenall of its'featuresand instrumentalities are combined in one and thesame structure, but, useful devices may be produced embodying less thanthe whole.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the inventionap'pertains, that the same may be incorporated in several differentconstructions. The accompanying drawing, therefore, is submitted merelyas showing the preferred exemplification of the invention.

Referring in detail to the drawing, l denotes an oil-burner installationembodying the inven- 1 ple, inexpensive and foolproof, and yet afford arelatively high degree of efliciency. Preferably such a system should beoperative constantly, instead of intermittently. The intermittentlyfired system wastes heat because it is necessary to reheat the boilerand its water at frequent intervals; also substantial discomfort resultseven aside from thermostat limitations, because the temperature of thebuilding continues to fall during the reheating of the boiler and pipes.These results can be avoided by a dual flame burner, affording a normalrate of firing for normal or constant load, and a peak rate of firingfor maxi-' mum load conditions as in the event of an unusual cold spell,or in quickly bringing up the temperature of the house in the morning.As distinguished from the normal constant firing, the added rate offiring caused by a second oil nozzle is intermittent.

The device It) may be exemplified by an atomizing oil burner l I havinga tubular body 82 forming at one end an orifice l3 at which the mixtureof air and atomized oil issues to burn in the combustion chamber oftheboiler. At its other end, as at it, the burner is connected to theoutlet of a source of air pressure such'as a rotary blower l5 ofany wellknown type. The latter may be driven by a constant speed motor l6, whichis the least expensive for this type of installation. Connected to theinlet of the blower housing is a device I I adapted to effect a combinedcontrol and setting for the dual flame burner. l I

The device ll may comprise a casing l8 having an upper portion coaxialwith the blower'inlet and a lower portion open preferably at thebottoml9 to tend to exclude dirt and dust. The

lower portion may have a plurality of passages .of the passages 2|, 22may be adjusted by these valves which can be individually set as bysuitable locking their rods 25. For 'this'purpose, the

rods may project from the casing l8 for conven- -1ence in turning thevalves, and a locking means 26 may comprise nuts and locknuts for eachrod to maintain thesame in set position.

Efrovided one of the passages of the casing I8 is an additional like.valve or plate Zlfixed on a rod 28 journaled in opposed walls of thepassage 2 l, for example along an axis at right angles to that of eitherrod 23. But unlike the valves 23, 24, the: valve 21 is not locked but isopened on peak load and closed during normal constant load. Hence aportion of the rod 23 may project from the casing ill to be operated byany suitable control means such as a solenoid 29. The plunger 33 of thelatter may have a link 3! slidably engaged with a yoke or knuckle 32that is fixed on the valve rod 23. When the solenoid is deenergized theweight of parts may move the valve 21 to closed position; whenenergized, the valve is moved to open position.

The valves 23, 24, and 21 cooperate with the dual flame oil burner il,exemplified as by a plurality of spaced nozzles such as 33, 34 havingindividual oil pipes 35, 36. In addition to other controls that may beprovided, the pipe 36 may have a valve 31 controlled by a solenoid 38.The solenoids 29 and 38 may be operated by any suitable control 39schematically shown, and adapted to be responsive to steam pressure ortemperature or to the temperature in the house in any well known manner.Accordingly, the control 33 may cause both solenoids 29 and 38 to beoperated simultaneously to open the valves 21 and 31 to permit air toflow through the passage 2i and oil to fiow through the pipe 36 to thenozzle 34. It will beunderstood that oil may flow continuously throughthe pipe to the nozzle 33 subject, if desired, to such automatic housetemperature or steam pressure controls as may be provided.

It is preferable to dispose the oil tubes 35, 33 relatively closely tothe side walls of the burner tube I2, since maximum air flow occurs atthe center of a pipe or orifice. However, at the orifice i3, the nozzles33, 34 are relatively close to the center so that they shall becompletely surrounded by .the stream of air to assure a completelyatomized fiow of oil well mixed with the air. Such a mixture is quiteessential especially with the small combustion chambers of householdboilers. If the valve 21 is closed, and only the nozzle 33 is firing,the reduced flow of air more readily envelops the stream of atomizedoil. In order to further direct this reduced flow of air to th nozzle33, and to accomplish this withtapered part as at 40 and with areentrant edged part as at 4i. Each of the parts 40 and 4| may extendfor about one-half the circumference of the orifice l3, and as shown,the .part 4| may be gradually reduced toward the nozzle 33. Thus thereduced fiow of air will tend to be deflected toward the nozzle 33 toform a uniform firing mixture of air and oil. But if both nozzles arefiring, with the valve 21 open, the greatly increased flow of air willnot be materially affected by the parts 40 and 4i, the only differencebeing that there will be a little more turbulence of air flow near thenozzle 34 due to the part 4|. Such increased turbulence will be ofadvantage in lacilitating a better mixing of the oil with the largervolume of air.

The device l0 may be made up as a compact unit supported as on apedestal 42.

Th operation of the device ill will now be briefly described. Indesigning an installation for a given house, the normal and peak requireis ejecting oil,

sages ments are computed. The nozzles 33 and 34 are then selectedaccordingly. Now the system is tested, firing first the nozzle 33 alone,with the valve 2'! closed, and the valve 24 is adjusted and locked in aposition to pass the proper amount of air for the most efllcientcombustion. Then both nozzles 33 and 34 are fired, the valve 21 beingopen, and the valve 23 is set and locked in a po-' sition to pass theproper amount oi air for peri'ect combustion. The device In isnowincondition for regular use. With the change in the seasons, it may bedesirable to reset the valves 23 and 24. The construction disclosed hasthe advantage of great flexibility and easy and reliable setting fordifferent seasons and for homes having different heatingcharacteristics. For example, the device l0 may be identical for varioushouses and may have sufficient capacity for a substantial range ofheating requirements so that only the nozzles 33 and 34 need be changedor selected according to the computed heating requirements of theparticular house. When the valve 2'! is closed, a saving in motorcurrent results, because the blower I5 is throttled at its inlet and isoperating at reduced capacity,

I claim:

1. A device including a burner having a conduit open at one end to forma discharg orifice and having an air inlet spaced from the orifice forreceiving air, two pipes having individual nozzles at said orifice,whereby oil can be supplied to the burner through one or both of saidpipes, a source of air under pressure connected to said air inlet, andmeans for controlling the volume of air supplied by said source to theburner, including a casing having a plurality of air pastherein,individual manually settable valves for said passages, means foradjustably setting said valves, a control valve for only one of saidpassages, and means for automatically opening and closing the controlvalve independently of the adjustment of the settable valves, so thatair may be supplied to the burner through one or both of said passagesaccording as one or both of said nozzles are firing.

2. A device including an oil burner of the mechanical atomizing typeincluding an air conduit having a discharge orifice, two oil dischargingnozzles at the orifice of the conduit, one or both of saidnozzles beingoperative at will, the different nozzles being near different sides ofthe orifice, the orifice having portions providing substantiallydifferentcoefficients of air discharge at said different sides so thatif only one nozzle is ejecting oil, the correspondingly re-' ducedstream of air will tend to flow toward that side of the orifice nearestto the oil ejecting nozzle.

3. A device including an oil burner of the me chanical atomizing typeincluding an air conduit having a discharge orifice, two oil dischargingnozzles at the orific of the conduit, one or both of said nozzles beingoperative at will, the different nozzles being near diilerent sides ofthe orifice, the orifice having portions providing substantiallydiiferent coefiicients of air discharge at said different sides so thatif only one nozzle the correspondingly reduced stream of air will tendto flow toward that side of the orifice nearest to the oil ejectingnozzle and means for increasing and for reducing the flow of air to theburner according as oil is being ejected by one or both of said nozzles.

4. A device including an oil burner of the mechanically atomizing typehaving a tubular air conduit provided with a discharge orifice and twooil ejecting nozzles one or both of which are operative at will, andmeans for controlling the flow of air to the burner including a casinghaving a plurality of air supply passages communieating with saidconduit, means responsive to a condition that is to be maintained forclosing one of said passages when fuel is being ejected from only one ofthe nozzles and for opening said passages independent of said means forcontrolling the volume of air passing therethrough, and means forlocking said valves in set position, said nozzles being located neardifferent sides of the burner orifice, the burner having portions forproviding substantially different coefiioients of friction adjacent tothe different nozzles so that when the volume of air is reduced, thestream of air tends to flow mainly through that part of,

the orifice which is nearest to the operating nozzle.

BENNIE L. GALUMBECK.

